Viral Infections
Süreyya Damar-Örenler and others
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a significant global health challenge with societal impacts. Despite a decline in the annual number of new cases worldwide, the incidence of HIV is on the rise in the Eastern Europe/Central Asia region, including Türkiye. With the introduction of new antiretroviral treatments (ARTs), HIV has transitioned from a […] Read More
Yusuf Ziya Demiroğlu and others
The hazards of sandfly viruses have been known for about 100 years. Sandfly fever viruses of the genus Phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family are endemic in Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, Northern African, and Western Asian countries. Sandfly viruses have been reported from Italy, Croatia, Spain, Cyprus, Iran, and Iraq. Read More
Abdurrahman Kaya and others
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a systemic small-vessel vasculitis characterized by involvement in the skin, kidney, and gastrointestinal system. It is frequently seen in children, accounting for 90% of cases. HSP is less common in adults. Cutaneous involvement is the most common presentation, and in some cohorts, adult HSP is more severe and has worse [...] Read More
Moiz Ahmed Khan and Summaiya Zafar
The Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus was first identified in 1944 in the Crimean Peninsula in Eastern Europe and subsequently in the Congo in 1956. It belongs to the genus Nairovirus from the family Bunyaviridae. It causes a severe disease which is spread to humans through an infected tick bite and/or contact with blood or tissue from infected humans or animals. Read More
Pınar Korkmaz and others
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. HBV-infected patients are at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for life. Today, pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are used in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Both treatment options have limitations. Read More
Sevil Alkan and Esra Gürbüz
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory infection caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) from the Coronaviridae family. MERS coronavirus was first identified as the etiologic agent from a patient living in Saudi Arabia in 2012, and it is the sixth human coronavirus . After the first case, the infection was detected in Bahrain, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. So far, all MERS-CoV cases worldwide have been associated with a travel history (...) Read More
Emine Coşkun and others
With the reports of patients with mpox (formerly monkeypox) outside Africa in April 2022, a second epidemic fear emerged around the world following the coronavirus disease 2019. From the onset of the mpox outbreak as of December 25, 2022, (...) Read More
Abdurrahman Gülmez and others
West Nile Virus (WNV) is an enveloped RNA virus with icosahedral symmetry and with a size of 45-50 nm belonging to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus (1). The virus, which was first isolated from a woman living in the West Nile region of Uganda in 1937, was noted with consecutive outbreaks in North Africa (...) Read More
İlker Kayı and others
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of all cancers among women globally, and 90% of all deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Sexual intercourse is the main route of transmission for HPV infection. The course of HPV infection differs according to the HPV type, immune status of the women, Read More
Sumru Onal and others
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is found in worldwide distribution and can lead to two distinct viral syndromes. Primary infection occurs as varicella and is a contagious and usually benign childhood disease. Herpes zoster (HZ) presents as unilateral pain in a dermatomal distribution accompanied by a vesicular rash. Herpes zoster generally occurs in older adults and results from the reactivation of latent VZV […] Read More
Bilgehan Aygen and others
About 170-200 million people are known to be infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection carries risks of hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1-4). Chronic HCV infection is an important health problem in Turkey (5-10). In Turkey, among HCV infections, genotype 1b was reported to be the most common one (90%), while [...] Read More