Bacterial Infections
Tuğba Sarıcaoğlu and others
Gardnerella vaginalis is a facultative anaerobic, gram-variable pleomorphic rod that has been associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). Extra-vaginal infections caused by G. vaginalis are uncommon. We present a unique case of prosthetic joint infection with G. vaginalis in a man and discuss it (...) Read More
Halime Araz and others
Listeria monocytogenes is a rare, self-limiting cause of gastroenteritis in healthy adults. It is generally transmitted through foods such as meat, raw vegetables, milk, and dairy products. It can cause life-threatening invasive infections in (...) Read More
Serap Şimşek-Yavuz and others
Infective endocarditis (IE), among the most common life-threatening infection, is a serious disease causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Determining at-risk patients and following them up closely with appropriate interventions are necessary to decrease complications and mortality. Treatment response to infective endocarditis is followed up with the combination of relief of symptoms, blood cultures, echocardiographic investigations and laboratory tests. A simple and widely available test Read More
Adiel Cohen and others
Spinal epidural abscess is a medical emergency because of the possible development of severe complications, including irreversible paralysis. The most common infecting pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B haemolytic streptococcus, GBS) has infrequently been described Read More
Mina Said and Ekta Tirthani
Pancytopenia has a wide differential diagnosis. One of the uncommon and often missed causes is tick-borne illnesses, mainly Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME) / Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA) and Babesiosis, though the specific mechanism of the former is still unknown. Noteworthy to mention is that the tests for tick-borne diseases so far have poor validity, and also Read More
Sevil Alkan and others
Acinetobacter species are gaining resistance to antibiotics, and they have become one of the most important pathogens causing nosocomial and healthcare-associated infections, especially in intensive care units, due to their ability to lead to epidemics. A. baumannii, particularly the multidrug-resistant isolates, have been reported worldwide, especially in recent years. It causes mortality up to 40%, especially because of increased antibiotic resistance Read More
Ezgi Oralkan and others
The increase of colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is a great concern in various regions of the world such as Asia, Europe, and North and South America. Exposure to colistin is considered the most significant factor for emerging of colistin resistance; however, details of the in vivo response Read More
Duygu Özkaya and others
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are infections, which are not present at admission or might be in incubating, are acquired in the hospital. HAIs remain a major problem for they increase not only morbidity and mortality but also costs for health care systems. Read More
Süda Tekin and others
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Treponema pallidum . Primary and secondary syphilis increased to a rate of 5.3 cases per 100 000 in 2013 from the rate of 2.1 per 100 000 in 2000. Neurosyphilis is the most feared and severe complication of syphilis and may occur at any time after the initial infection. Read More
Petek Konya and Neşe Demirtürk
Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease resulting in high mortality and morbidity throughout the world. The causative pathogens of bacterial meningitis depend on the patient’s age and predisposing factors such as after splenectomy or with a hyposplenic state, chronic kidney or liver disease, HIV infection, alcoholism, hypogammaglobulinaemia, diabetes mellitus and patients using immunosuppressive drugs. Read More
Vildan Avkan-Oğuz and others
Complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) is defined as localized or diffuse peritonitis with the involvement of multiple intraperitoneal organs. Source control and appropriate empirical antibiotics are essentials of the treatment. There are few clinical and microbiologic studies regarding cIAI in Turkey. Empiric antibiotics were selected due to diagnoses; community-acquired IAI (CA-IAI) or healthcare-associated IAI. Guidelines published on this topic lack definitive criteria for CA-IAI. Read More
Çiğdem Akalan Kuyumcu and others
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Brucella, which is transmitted from animals to humans by direct and indirect pathways. Brucellosis can be confused with various infectious and non-infectious diseases because of its nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms such as fever, sweating, Read More
Cansu Çimen
Anthrax is a zoonotic infection mainly affecting herbivores and caused by Bacillus anthracis. Humans can contract the disease after direct or indirect exposure to animals or animal products. Human-to -human transmission has never been reported. Worldwide, most of the cases are among persons who come in contact with animals in agricultural regions of south and central Read More
Adnan Vural and others
Varicella-zoster virus A 43-year-old female patient underwent several abdominal surgeries including a liver hydatid cyst operation (34 years ago); Roux-N-Y anastomosis plus hepaticojejunostomy plus cholecystectomy (27 years ago); and left salpyngectomy plus lower intestinal resection and end-to-end anastomosis (16 months ago). Read More
Abdullah Tarık Aslan and Murat Akova
Origins, characteristics and classification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) Currently, beta-lactamase family includes more than 2800 unique proteins. Although varied types of beta-lactamases have been specified to date, they have common topographic structures consisting of alpha-helices and beta-plated sheets. They most probably originated from environmental sources and produced against naturally occurring […] Read More
Çağlayan Merve Ayaz and others
Actinomycosis, a chronic granulomatous condition, is caused by Actinomyces spp., a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium. Actinomyces spp. usually inhabit oral, gastrointestinal and female genital tract. The disease commonly manifests as slowly progressive cervicofacial (50% of cases), thoracic and pulmonary (15-20% ) or abdominopelvic (about 20% ) infection. Immunosuppression […] Read More
Berna Özer and others
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most pathogenic nosocomial infection agents because of its extreme resistance to almost all known antibiotics and host immune responses . The emergence of colistin-resistance in A. baumannii has been reported throughout the world. Read More
Aslıhan Yerlikaya and others
Listeriosis is a primarily foodborne but preventable disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes, a gram positive, facultative anaerobic and non-spore forming bacillus that is ubiquitous in soil and water. L. monocytogenes was isolated and described in laboratory pigs and rabbits by Murray for the first (...) Read More